Grammatically Correct 5/26/09
A weekly grammar tip created by Academic Center Peer Writing Tutors.

University of Houston-Victoria
3007 N. Ben Wilson
Victoria, TX 77901

The Dangling Modifier Chronicles
Part II: Ways to Correct Dangling Modifiers

Previously on the Dangling Modifier Chronicles…


We learned that a dangling modifier is a word or phrase that does not clearly modify another word or word group in sentences.


We also reviewed that a participle, a verb that may function as part of a verb phrase or as a modifier, is one clue for spotting a dangling modifier. Usually dangling modifiers occur when this verb acts as an adjective but does not refer logically to the subject of the sentence.


Ex. Carrying the groceries to the car, my feet went right into the mud puddle. (Incorrect.)


In this exciting episode, we will discover one way to revise these confusing dangling modifiers.


So, we know now about those confusing phrases we call dangling modifiers and how to identify them. But how on earth do you correct them?


One way to do this is by changing the phrase that contains the dangling modifier into an introductory clause by naming the doer of the action in that clause. Keep in mind that the verb tense may need to be changed.


Let’s try some examples.


Ex. After reading all afternoon, Hallie’s muscles ached because of the inactivity. (Incorrect.)

We know the subject “Hallie’s muscles” does not make sense with “after reading all afternoon.” Hallie’s muscles read all afternoon?


Let’s add Hallie into the dangling phrase.


Ex. After Hallie read all afternoon, her muscles ached because of the inactivity. (Correct.)


Ex. Maintaining a daily exercise program, my weight seemed to decrease faster than usual. (Incorrect.)


We know the subject “my weight” does not make sense with “maintaining a daily exercise program.” My weight maintains a daily exercise program?


Let’s add the actor of the sentence into the dangling phrase:


Ex. While I maintained a daily exercise program, my weight seemed to decease faster than usual. (Correct.)
 

Stay tuned for the final episode of the Dangling Modifier Chronicles next week when we'll discuss another strategy for eliminating dangling modifiers.

The Author

Jennifer Mond is a peer writing tutor at the University of Houston-Victoria and an education major. She began working in the Academic Center in spring 2008 and is CRLA certified at level three. She enjoys spending time with her friends, family, and her silly miniature schnauzer Dixie.


References

Dangling Modifiers (2004). Purdue University Online Writing Lab. Retrieved September 9, 2008.

Glenn, C. & Gray, L. Hodges’ Harbrace Handbook (16th Ed.) Boston: Thomson
Wadsworth: Boston

 

Test Your Knowledge

In the following sentences, correct the dangling modifiers.
 
  1. While eating lunch, the telephone rang.
  2. When only a small boy, my father took me to a baseball game.
  3. Upon leaving the store, the door locked.

     


Answers:
 

  1. While he was eating lunch, the telephone rang.
  2. When I was only a small boy, my father took me to a baseball game.
  3. When Frank left the store, the door locked itself.
     

 

Suggested Resources

Related Academic Center Resources

The Academic Center has a handout on Dangling Modifiers and an electronic audio-visual presentation by Candice Chovanec Melzow.

Additionally, two previous issue of Grammatically Correct discussed modifiers: The Placement of Modifiers by Kelli Trungale (originally sent on 6/20/06) and Misplaced Limiting Modifiers by Sophia Stevens (originally sent on 2/12/08).

Recommended Grammar Website of the Week

In addition to our website, we recommend looking at http://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/gram_dangling_mod.html for extra practice on identifying and correcting dangling modifiers.

 


Grammatically Correct is a grammar tip of the week created by Academic Center Peer Writing Tutors at the University of Houston-Victoria in Victoria, Texas.

Comments about this newsletter should be directed to Summer Leibensperger, leibenspergers@uhv.edu.

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