Grammatically Correct 8/5/08
A weekly grammar tip created by Academic Center Peer Writing Tutors.
University of Houston-Victoria
3007 N. Ben Wilson
Victoria, TX 77901

Compound Adjectives: When to Use That Hyphen (Part 1)

The Author

Ernest Amador is the Testing Coordinator of the Academic Center. While earning his bachelor’s degree from UHV, Ernest worked at the Academic Center as a peer writing tutor from Spring 2006 to Summer 2007. He is currently pursuing a master’s degree from UHV.
 

Definitions

Compound Adjective- Two or more words functioning as a single adjective.

-adapted from The Bedford Handbook
 

A compound adjective—a group of two or more words that act as a single adjective—is one of the most useful ways to describe something in your writing. For instance, in the noun phrase the half-eaten sandwich, half-eaten is a compound adjective.

Compound adjectives may require a hyphen, but not always. This week we’ll look at a situation in which a hyphen is always required.

(Note: in all of the examples below, the compound adjectives are underlined and the nouns they modify are italicized)

Hyphenate a compound adjective only when it comes before a noun.                                

Ex: Even the well-built house did not withstand the tornado. (The compound adjective comes before the noun.)

Ex: Even the house that was well built did not withstand the tornado. (The compound adjective comes after the noun.)

Next week, we'll look at when you should say "no" to using a hyphen for compound adjectives.

References

Hacker, Diane. A Writer’s Reference. 5th ed. Boston: Bedford/ St. Martin’s, 2003.

Hacker, Diane. The Bedford Handbook. 6th ed. Boston: Bedford/ St. Martin’s, 2002.
 


 

Test Your Knowledge

Test your knowledge by choosing the correct form of the compound adjectives.

  1. His parents bought that piece of property when the area around it was not as (well developed/ well-developed) as it is now.
  1. At the baseball game, one of the head coaches and the umpire had an (eye-to-eye/ eye to eye) confrontation.
  1. One of the short stories in the collection was about a (three headed/ three-headed) creature.

 



Answers

 

  1. His parents bought that piece of property when the area around it was not as well developed as it is now.
  1. At the baseball game, one of the head coaches and the umpire had an eye-to-eye confrontation.
  1. One of the short stories in the collection was about a three-headed creature.


 

Suggested Resources

Related Academic Center Resources

A previous issue Grammatically Correct also handled this issue: read John Davis's Using Hyphens in Compound Adjectives (published on 11/30/04).  Additionally, writers may be interested in Candice Chovanec Melzow's discussion of Using Commas with Multiple Descriptive Adjectives (6/13/06).
 

Recommended Grammar Website of the Week

We also recommend visiting www.englishmedialab.com. This site covers many adjective-related grammar issues, including compound adjectives. It also offers visitors video grammar lessons and interactive exercises.

 

 

Grammatically Correct is a grammar tip of the week created by Academic Center Peer Writing Tutors at the University of Houston-Victoria in Victoria, Texas.

Comments about this newsletter should be directed to Summer Leibensperger, leibenspergers@uhv.edu.

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