Grammatically Correct 6/3/08
A weekly grammar tip created by Academic Center Peer Writing Tutors.
University of Houston-Victoria
3007 N. Ben Wilson
Victoria, TX 77901

Correctly Using Comparative Adjectives

The Author

Nick Jobe is pursuing a degree in English with secondary teaching certification and has tutored in the Academic Center since January 2007. He is a writer, novelist, and Fall '07 winner of the Golden Ampersand award. He would also like long walks on the beach if he liked going to the beach… or walking.

 


 

You use comparative adjectives to compare two things. Sometimes these adjectives require the word more before them, and sometimes they have an –er added onto the end of the adjective itself. So how will you know when to use which version?

If the adjective has only one syllable, an –er is added onto the end. If the word already ends in e, then just add r.

Ex. Slow becomes slower.

Ex. Wise becomes wiser.

Ex. Fat becomes fatter.

Notice that in the last example, the writer added an extra t before adding the –er. When the adjective ends in a single vowel followed by a single consonant (as in fat), you have to double the final consonant and add –er to make the adjective’s comparative form (fatter). Note that if the word ends in a vowel sound, like slow, the ending consonant will not be doubled.

These aren’t the only irregular changes for an –er ending. One- (and sometimes two-) syllable words that end in y will require you to change the y to i before adding –er.

Ex. Scary becomes scarier.

Ex. Dry becomes drier.

Ex. Shiny becomes shinier.

But what of the adjectives that are two or more syllables? For comparative adjectives, the word more is added.

Ex. Beautiful becomes more beautiful.

Ex. Insidious becomes more insidious.

Ex. Fantastic becomes more fantastic.

Now, what do you do if you have a pair of adjectives, one of which requires er and the other of which requires more? The adjective with –er goes first.

Ex. She was sadder and more depressed than Steve.

Finally, there are some irregular comparative adjectives that will change completely.

Ex. Good becomes better.

Ex. Little becomes less.

Ex. Bad becomes worse.

Note: Little can also become littler depending on the meaning of little.

Ex. The mouse was littler than the rat.

Ex. There was less of a crowd at Target than at Best Buy the day after Thanksgiving.

 

References

Kolln, M. (1999). Rhetorical grammar (3rd Ed.). Boston: Allyn & Bacon.


 

Test Your Knowledge

Determine which of the following comparative adjectives should be used.

  1. Bob was (gooder, more good, better) than the Martians at cow tipping.
  2. Fred is (taller, more tall) than Sam.
  3. The unicorns are (more magical, magicaller) than the leprechauns.

 



Answers
 

  1. Bob was better than the Martians at cow tipping.
  2. Fred is taller than Sam.
  3. The unicorns are more magical than the leprechauns.

 

Suggested Resources

Related Academic Center Resources

Previous issues of Grammatically Correct have discussed adjectives, including Differences between Adjectives and Adverbs by W. Scott Harkey (published on 3/14/06), Using Hyphens in Compound Adjectives by John Davis (published on 11/30/04), Using Commas with Multiple Descriptive Adjectives by Candice Chovanec Melzow (published on 6/13/06), Punctuating Adjective Series by Sophia Stevens (published on 8/21/07), and When and How to use a Comma with Coordinate Adjectives by Shawn Brett (published 9/21/04).
 

Recommended Grammar Website of the Week

We also recommend the following website: http://www.english-zone.com/grammar/compare1.html. This website will help test your knowledge on comparative adjectives.

 

 

Grammatically Correct is a grammar tip of the week created by Academic Center Peer Writing Tutors at the University of Houston-Victoria in Victoria, Texas.

Comments about this newsletter should be directed to Summer Leibensperger, leibenspergers@uhv.edu.

Subscribe/Unsubscribe/View Archive