Grammatically Correct 4/22/08
A weekly grammar tip created by Academic Center Peer Writing Tutors.
University of Houston-Victoria
3007 N. Ben Wilson
Victoria, TX 77901

Sentence Inversion, Part 1: Subject-Verb Agreement

The Author

Sophia Stevens
Peer Writing Tutor

 

 


 

Most writers know how to make their subjects and verbs agree in person and number, or at least to recognize when they do not. Often, however, agreement is not as easy to confirm at first glance if a sentence’s subject and verb have been inverted. Inversion simply means that the subject and verb are reversed, so that the verb actually comes before the subject in the sentence. But while this order may seem trickier, there is only one quick trick a writer needs to test the agreement.

In all the sentences below, the subjects follow their corresponding verbs. Often, the entire predicate (including the verb) will come before the subject. When that happens, the number and person of the subject remain unknown for some time—until after the verb, of course.

  1. Simply identify the subject (underlined) and the verb (italicized) in each sentence.

  2. Then, reconstruct the sentences so that the subjects do come before the verbs, just as they would in most speaking or writing situations, always making sure the subject and verb agree in number and person.

  3. Finally, identify whether the subject is singular or plural, which will tell you whether the sentence needs a singular or plural verb.


Ex. There, walking toward him, were his biological mother and father.

Inverted Ex. His biological mother and father were there walking toward him. The subject is compound, and therefore plural, so the verb is, too.

Ex. Somewhere in this box is a copy of my most recent passport.

Inverted Ex. A copy of my most recent passport is somewhere in this box. Singular subject, singular verb.

Ex. Sure enough, as I glanced to my right, off went Greg with my pen clutched in his hand.

Inverted Ex. Sure enough, as I glanced to my right, Greg went off with my pen clutched in his hand. Singular subject, singular verb.

The reversal of the subject and verb is simple when it comes to agreement. And writers use inversion for a number of reasons. Next week's issue of Grammatically Correct will discuss the stylistic effects of inversion in more detail.
 

 

Other Resources

View Subject/Verb Agreement, a Power Point presentation with audio by
Candice Chovanec Melzow.

Test Your Knowledge

Test your knowledge of correct subject-verb agreement in inverted sentences by choosing the correct verb in each of the following sentences.

1. Running along the top of the wall (was, were) three very large, very filthy rats.

2. On my dresser (have been, has been) sitting this most frazzled-looking sock for some time now.

3. Oh, no! There (go, goes) my brother with my book-bag in his car!



Answers

1. Running along the top of the wall were three very large, very filthy rats.

2. On my dresser has been sitting this most frazzled-looking sock for some time now.

3. Oh, no! There goes my brother with my book-bag in his car!

 

Suggested Resources

Related Academic Center Resources

The Academic Center has numerous resources related to subject/verb agreement, including a handout titled Subject/Verb Agreement, a list of exercises to test a writers' understanding of the handout, and an audio-visual presentation by Candice Chovanec Melzow.  Other issues of Grammatically Correct have also dealt with aspects of subject/verb agreement, including Subject/Verb Agreement When Using Compound Subjects by Ernest Amador (sent on 10/10/06),  Subject/Verb Agreement When Using Nouns of Measurement by Ernest Amador (sent on 10/17/06), Subject/Verb Agreement When Using Collective Nouns by Ernest Amador (sent on 10/25/06), and Subject/Verb Agreement: Knowing Prepositional Phrases by Nick Jobe (sent on 10/10/07).

Recommended Grammar Website of the Week

In addition to our website, we recommend http://www.usingenglish.com/weblog/archives/000011.html, at which you can find examples and exercises that put inversion to use.

 

 

Grammatically Correct is a grammar tip of the week created by Academic Center Peer Writing Tutors at the University of Houston-Victoria in Victoria, Texas.

Comments about this newsletter should be directed to Summer Leibensperger, leibenspergers@uhv.edu.

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