Grammatically Correct 4/8/08
A weekly grammar tip created by Academic Center Peer Writing Tutors.
University of Houston-Victoria
3007 N. Ben Wilson
Victoria, TX 77901

Using Sit or Set

The Author

Nick Jobe is pursuing a degree in English with secondary teaching certification and has tutored in the Academic Center since January 2007. He is a writer, novelist, and Fall '07 winner of the Golden Ampersand award. He would also like long walks on the beach if he liked going to the beach… or walking.

Definitions

Direct Object:  “a word or group of words representing the person or thing upon which the action of a verb is performed or toward which it is directed: in English, generally coming after the verb, without a preposition”

Sit and set are two words that are incorrectly interchanged with each other.

Sit is the word to use when the subject completes the action of sitting. No further information is required for us to make sense of the sentence. The sentence would be complete if the period came right after the verb.

Ex. John sits.

Ex. The papers sat.

In each of these examples, the verb sit (past tense is sat) describes the subject of the sentence: John sits or the papers sat.

Set means “to place” and is a word that must have a direct object.

Ex. Where did you set your wallet?

Ex. Betsy told Ferdinand to set the groceries down on the counter.

In each of these examples, set needs a direct object (wallet in the first example or the groceries in the second). Notice that each sentence would be incomplete if the sentence ended right after the verb. Consider the following sentences:

Ex. The Martians sit.

Ex. The Martians set. (Incorrect)

The first sentence is complete. Nothing needs to follow the verb for it to make sense. However, the second sentence is not complete. What did the Martians set? To correct this problem, the sentence might look something like the following:

Ex. The Martians set the cows back down in the prairie.

The two words follow different patterns in conjugation (the forms used for present, past and future tenses) as well. Notice that the spelling for sit changes, but set keeps the same spelling:

Conjugation

Sit

Set

Present

Sit

Set

Past

Sat

Set

Future

Will Sit

Will Set

Present Perfect

Has/Have/Had Sat

Has/Have/Had Set

 

References

Direct Object. Retrieved December 5, 2007, from Dictionary.com.

Sit. Retrieved December 5, 2007, from Dictionary.com.

Set. Retrieved December 5, 2007, from Dictionary.com

Test Your Knowledge

Determine whether the following sentences should use sit or sat.

1. Where are you going to (sit, set)?
2. The barn (sits, sets) in the yard.
3. Billy was tired of dancing, so he (sat, set) down.
4. Where did you (sit, set) the book?



Answers


1. Where are you going to sit?
2. The barn sits in the yard.
3. Billy was tired of dancing, so he sat down.
4. Where did you set the book?

 

Suggested Resources

Related Academic Center Resources

Grammatically Correct is archived on the Academic Center's website, including all of our "when to use" grammar tips.  To see how another writer handled explaining sit and set, visit Shawn Brett's grammar tip on Sit versus Set (originally published on 11/16/04).

Recommended Grammar Website of the Week

We also recommend the following website: http://www.lessontutor.com/eessit.html. This website will give more examples on the differences between sit and set and has more exercises to practice.

 

 

Grammatically Correct is a grammar tip of the week created by Academic Center Peer Writing Tutors at the University of Houston-Victoria in Victoria, Texas.

Comments about this newsletter should be directed to Summer Leibensperger, leibenspergers@uhv.edu.

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